Abstracts. Obtained data of the field ethnographic explorations two types of new eco-settlements, spread on Omsk region are discussed in the paper. One type originated from the revival (the invention) Slavic pagan (“Slavic-Vedic”) culture, the second one – from the new spiritual movements “Ringing Cedars of Russia” or “Anastasia”, widespread in Russia. Environmental orientation combines both movements. Research is considered as an important component the urgent scientific problem – studying of an anthropology Post-Soviet transformations. We present here the history of settlement foundation and their cultural specificity. Installations of Anastasia movement members on the birth, childhood and school education are considered. Data on the relation of settlers to the authorities in particular the motif of the national leader sacralization were outlined. We conclude that the settlers did not achieve a complete break with the urban environment. Generated by this circumstance duality of the urban people position is probably the most important aspect of the phenomenon of new ecovillages.